Francis Bacon and the rupture with the scholastic tradition
the empirical grounded of modern knowledge
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48075/aoristo.v9i1.37515Keywords:
Francis Bacon, Modern Philosophy, Inductive Method, Doctrine of the Idols, Science and ExperienceAbstract
This article examines the rupture carried out by Francis Bacon (1561-1626) in relation to scholastic
tradition and Aristotelian philosophy, emphasizing his decisive role in the formation of Modern
Philosophy. Emerging from a historical context in which knowledge was subordinated to theology,
Bacon proposed a new conception of science grounded in observation, experience, and the inductive
method. His project represents a reform of knowledge aimed at freeing the intellect from the errors
and prejudices accumulated over the centuries, expressed in the Doctrine of the Idols. By identifying
and confronting the Idols of the Tribe, the Cave, the Market, and the Theatre, Bacon inaugurates a
critical attitude that anticipates modern epistemology and redefines the relationship between man
and nature. Knowledge ceases to be merely contemplative and becomes an instrument of power and
usefulness, guided by methodological rigor and empirical verification. Thus, Bacon’s philosophy
marks a turning point between medieval and modern thought, replacing speculation with experience
and establishing the foundations of the scientific method.
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