Social and environmental analysis of the “restinga” in the Ponta do Tubarão State Sustainable Development Reserve – Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48075/amb.v6i2.31444Abstract
Social and environmental analysis of the “restinga” in the Ponta do Tubarão State Sustainable Development Reserve – Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Abstract
Restingas are fragile ecosystems located on the coast, protected by Brazilian environmental legislation and with wide conceptual variation in the scientific literature. Given the increasing use and occupation of the coastal zone, these environments are at imminent risk and, in some cases, already quite degraded. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, more specifically on the northern coast, there is a conservation unit created in 2003 called the Ponta do Tubarão State Sustainable Development Reserve (RDSEPT). Its creation is associated with the struggle of traditional populations in the 1990s against the occupation of the restinga by a resort and, later, by shrimp farming enterprises. The main objective of the research was to understand the sociocultural and environmental importance of the “restinga” for the traditional communities of the RDSEPT and the prognosis of use and occupation of the area. Surveys and analysis of documents and environmental legislation related to the subject were carried out. The restinga concept was examined through the scientific literature and correlated with the reality of the RDSEPT restinga. Interview and application of forms helped to understand the perception of residents about the restinga space. It was found that the RDSEPT restinga presents environmental aspects as described in the scientific literature, as well as, it should be considered a Permanent Preservation Area as a protector of dunes and stabilizer of mangroves. The interviewees indicate the historical and cultural importance of the restinga, with use mostly linked to fishing and leisure activities and the existence of conflicts in relation to the installation of a wind farm and divergent interests related to tourist use.
Keywords: Sustainable Development Reserve; Restinga; Environmental Protection; Conflicts.
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