Passion and exercise dependence in bodybuilding athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36453/cefe.2021.n2.25811Keywords:
Bodybuilding, dependency, Sport Psychology, PassionAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Study’s aim was to analyze the passion and exercise dependence in bodybuilding athletes.
METHODS: This study has a descriptive correlational. Subjects were 35 athletes (25 men), practicing resistance training in Maringá (PR) gyms. The Passion Scale and Exercise Dependence Scale were used. Data analysis was performed through Mann-Whitney’s U, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman Correlation Coefficient tests (p<0.05).
RESULTS: Results revealed that the bodybuilding athletes were harmoniously motivated towards their sport, and they were classified as nondependent-symptomatic for their practice. It was noted that males seemed to spend more time dedicated to the physical exercise practice and that harmonious passion had an inverse correlation with the continuous dimension of exercise dependence.
CONCLUSION: It was concluded that bodybuilding athletes practiced the sport in harmony with other daily activities, presenting joy and pleasure towards practice and, although nondependent, they presented dependence symptoms such as increased tolerance to training loads and tension when deprived from the exercise practice.
Downloads
References
AMEMIYA, R.; SAKAIRI, Y. The effects of passion and mindfulness on the intrinsic motivation of Japanese athletes. Personality and Individual Differences, Boston, v. 142, p. 132-8, 2019.
DE LA VEGA, R.; PARASTATIDOU, I. S.; RUÍZ-BARQUÍN, R.; SZABO, A. Exercise addiction in athletes and leisure exercisers: The moderating role of passion. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, Budapest, v. 5, n. 2, p. 325-31, 2016.
DE MORAES, W. M. A. M.; DE MOURA, F. C.; MORAES, T. C. C.; DE SOUSA, L. G. O.; ROSA, T. S.; SCHOENFELD, B. J.; MAIA, F. M. M.; PRESTES, J. Oxidative stress, inflammation, psychological status, and severity of respiratory infections are negatively affected during the pre-contest period in amateur bodybuilders. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ontario, v. 44, n. 5, p. 468-76, 2019.
DECI, E. L.; RYAN, R. M. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum, 1985.
DEVRIM, A.; BILGIC, P.; HONGU, N. Is there any relationship between body image perception, eating disorders, and muscle dysmorphic disorders in male bodybuilders? American Journal of Men’s Health, New Orleans, v. 12, n. 5, p. 1746-58, 2018.
DOWNS, D. S.; HAUSENBLAS, H. A.; NIGG, C. R. Factorial validity and psychometric examination of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, London, v. 8, n. 4, p. 183-201, 2004.
FARIA, J. G.; CONTREIRA, A. R.; XAVIER, C. C.; FREITAS, A. F. L.; RIBAS, M. L.; FIORESE, L.; VISSOCI, J. R. N. Satisfação atlética e paixão em atletas brasileiras de handebol de elite. Research, Society and Development, São Paulo, v. 9, n. 11, p. e53791110268, 2020.
GIL, A. C. Métodos e técnicas de pesquisa social. 6. ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2008.
GRAVE, R. D.; CALUGI, S.; MARCHESINI, G. Compulsive exercise to control shape or weight in eating disorders: Prevalence, associated features, and treatment outcome. Comprehensive Psychiatry, Hertfordshire, v. 49, n. 4, p. 346-52, 2008.
HAUSENBLAS, H. A.; DOWNS, D. S. Exercise dependence: A systematic review. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, London, v. 3, n. 2, p. 89-123, 2002a.
HAUSENBLAS, H. A.; DOWNS, D. S. How much is too much? The development and validation of the exercise dependence scale. Psychology and Health, London, v. 17, n. 4, p. 387-404, 2002b.
HAUSENBLAS, H. A.; FALLON, E. A. Relationship among body image, exercise behavior and exercise dependence symptoms. International Journal of Eating Disorders, Middletown, v. 32, n. 2, p. 179-85, 2002.
KENT, S.; KINGSTON, K.; PARADIS, K. F. The relationship between passion, basic psychological needs satisfaction and athlete burnout: Examining direct and indirect effects. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, Hanover, v. 12, n. 1, p. 75-96, 2018.
LAFRENIÈRE, M-A. K.; JOWETT, S.; VALLERAND, R. J.; DONAHUE, E. G.; LORIMER, R. Passion in sport: On the quality of the coach–athlete relationship. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Hanover, v. 30, n. 5, p. 541-60, 2008.
LIZ, C. M. Motivação para a prática de musculação de aderentes e desistentes de academias. 2011. 245f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências do Movimento Humano) - Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2011.
LUGAREZZE, A. C. Avaliação nutricional de fisiculturistas de academias da cidade de São Paulo. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício, São Paulo, v. 8, n. 1, p. 9-13, 2009.
MARZANO-PARISOLI, M. The contemporary construction of a perfect body image: Bodybuilding, exercise addiction, and eating disorders. Quest, London, v. 53, n. 2, p. 216-30, 2001.
MODOLO, V. B.; MELLO, M. T. D.; GIMENEZ, P. R. B. D.; TUFIK, S.; ANTUNES, H. K. M. Dependência de exercício físico: humor, qualidade de vida em atletas amadores e profissionais. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, São Paulo, v. 15, n. 5, p. 355-9, 2009.
NOGUEIRA, A. et al. Exercise addiction in practitioners of endurance sports: a literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, Brussels, v. 9, p. 1484, 2018.
OLIVEIRA, I. C. V. Adaptação e validação da escala de dependência do exercício físico em versão tradicional e informatizada. 2010. 137f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Sociedade e Qualidade de Vida) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2010.
PIERCE, E. F.; ROHALY, K. A.; FRITCHLEY, B. Sex differences on exercise dependence for men and women in a marathon road race. Perceptual and Motor Skills, Norfolk, v. 84, n. 3, p. 991-4, 1997.
RIBEIRO, V. T. Propriedades psicométricas da escala da paixão para o contexto esportivo brasileiro. 2016. 85f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Física) – Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, 2016.
RODGERS, W. M.; HALL, C. R.; BLANCHARD, C. M.; MUNROE, K. J. Prediction of obligatory exercise by exercise-related imagery. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Washington, v. 15, n. 2, p. 152-4, 2001.
SILVA, A. F. V. Paixão, motivação e rendimento dos atletas de natação. 2011. 48f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia do Desporto e Exercício) – Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior, Rio Maior, 2011.
SOLER, P. T.; FERNANDES, H. M.; DAMASCENO, V. O.; NOVAES, J. S. Vigorexia e níveis de dependência de exercício em frequentadores de academias e fisiculturistas. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, São Paulo, v. 19, n. 5, p. 343-8, 2013.
STEELE, I. H.; POPE JR, H. G.; KANAYAMA, G. Competitive bodybuilding: Fitness, pathology, or both? Harvard Review of Psychiatry, Cambridge, v. 27, n. 4, p. 233-40, 2019.
TOD, D.; EDWARDS, C. Relationships among muscle dysmorphia characteristics, body image quality of life, and coping in males. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, Bursa, v. 18, n. 5, p. 585-9, 2015.
VALLERAND, R. J.; BLANCHARD, C.; MAGEAU, G. A.; KOESTNER, R.; RATELLE, C.; LÉONARD, M.; GAGNÉ, M.; MARSOLAIS, J. Les passions de l’ame: on obsessive and harmonious passion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Washington, v. 85, n. 4, p. 756-67, 2003.
VALLERAND, R. J.; MAGEAU, G. A.; ELLIOT, A. J.; DUMAIS, A.; DEMERS, M. A.; ROUSSEAU, F. Passion and performance attainment in sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, London, v. 9, n. 3, p. 373-92, 2008.
VALLERAND, R. J.; MIQUELON, P. Passion for sport in athletes. Social Psychology in Sport, Washington, p. 249-63, 2007.
VIEIRA, F. L.; MIZOGUCHI, M. V.; CONTREIRA, A. R.; PASSOS, P. C. B.; COSTA, L. C. A. Modelo dualístico da paixão: um olhar no processo de aderência ao esporte. In: NASCIMENTO, J. V.; SOUZA, E. R.; RAMOS, V.; ROCHA, J. C. S. Educação física e esporte: convergindo para novos caminhos. Florianópolis: UDESC, 2015. p. 513-29.
XAVIER, C. C.; MELO, S. V. A.; FREITAS, A. F. L.; CONTREIRA, A. R.; FIORESE, L. Paixão e satisfação atlética em atletas brasileiras de basquetebol universitário. Research, Society and Development, São Paulo, v. 9, n. 7, p. e512974282, 2020.
WHO. World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. World Health Organization, 2020. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128. Acessado em: 26 de março de 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Direitor Autorais Partilhados

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Os direitos autorais permitem descarregar, compartilhar, copiar, distribuir, adaptar, transformar, exibir, reproduzir a totalidade ou partes do artigo para qualquer propósito legal, desde que não tenha fins lucrativos e seja citada a fonte.
Informamos que todo o conteúdo do texto publicado, e dos seus possíveis erros ortográficos e gramaticais, é de inteira responsabilidade de seus autores, não cabendo ao Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte, ou aos nossos Avaliadores Ad Hoc, por qualquer implicação legal ou por eventual negligência à língua portuguesa ou à estrangeira.