Agronomic performance of sunflower genotypes cultivated under water stress in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais

Abstract

Sunflower is a crop that presents high plasticity, thus adapts to various climatic conditions, becoming an alternative production in the semi-arid region. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the productive performance and to estimate the genetic divergence of 13 sunflower genotypes grown under water deficit in the northern semiarid Mineiro conditions based on morphoagronomic characteristics. For that, the experiment was conducted in an experimental area located at the Federal Institute of North General Mines - Campus januária in the harvest of 2015/2016. The experimental design was a randomized block design and four replications. The data were submitted to Analysis of Variance and Skott Knott test at 5% probability. For the multivariate analysis, the principal components analysis and the Tocher grouping were used to estimate the genetic dissimilarity among the genotypes. For the correlation analysis, Pearson's simple correlation and its unfolding were used from track analysis. The results showed that genotype BRSG51 showed higher productivity, followed by genotype SYN045. Regarding the genetic divergence, it was observed that the evaluated genotypes presented high genetic variability. It was verified that characters such as stand, height of plants and mass of a thousand grains were positively correlated with productivity. Variables such as initial flowering date and weight of a thousand years provided direct effects on production, and these can be indicated as parameters of indirect selection.