ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SAND EXTRACTION ACTIVITY IN ACTIVE RIVER BED – A CASE STUDY ON THE IGUAÇU RIVER FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF UNIÃO DA VITÓRIA-PR

um estudo de caso sobre o rio Iguaçu para o município de União da Vitória-PR

Abstract

The extraction of sand from active riverbeds has been a historically significant practice in the municipality of União da Vitória-PR, driven by the growing and constant demand from civil construction and the industry sector. This article explores the aspects of this activity, focusing on three main topics: the extraction, the environmental impacts that arise from it and the historical evolution of proposals for controlling the environmental impacts of projects, linked to the environmental legislation in force at the time in question. The present study investigated sand mining on the Iguaçu River in União da Vitória-PR, focusing on 13 mining processes active between 2003 and 2023. Process data were obtained from the National Mining Agency (ANM) and spatially analyzed with images from Google Earth . Of the 13 processes, 12 were in the mining concession phase and 1 was in the licensing phase. The spatial analysis identified the distribution of processes along the river, providing support for environmental management and territorial planning in the region.