Productivity and quality of soybean grains grown under different cover plants

Resumo

Soy is the main commodity in Brazilian agriculture, however its cultivation faces a series of challenges, such as pests, diseases, soil nutritional imbalance and other factors. The objective of this work was to verify the influence of different previous cultures on the productivity and nutritional quality of soybean grains. The experiment took place in the city of Pejuçara, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil, in the 2019/20 agricultural season. The experiment took place in a 5X4 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments composing by the combination of five soybean genotypes (BMX Lança IPRO, M 5838 IPRO, BMX Raio IPRO, BMX Zeus IPRO, DM57i52 IPRO), and four previous coverages. We measured morphological, productive and physicochemical characters of soybean grains. The data obtained were submitted to a density analysis, after which Pearson's linear correlation was performed in order to show the linear trend of association between the characters. Subsequently, Principal Component Analysis was performed to assess the interaction between the variables studied and the treatments. Moreover, cluster analysis to verify the levels of similarity that group the treatments. It is not possible to perceive a significant effect between the variables analyzed and the predecessor cultures used, in addition to the fact that in relation to bromatological quality, plant chemistry, productivity and nutritional quality of the grains, they presented values consistent with the literature. Thus, conclusion is that both predecessor cultures (oat, pasture, wheat and linseed) did not interfere directly in the soybean crop.