WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS OF COMMON BEAN CULTIVARS ON THE AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND GRAINS QUALITY IN A PRODUCTION SYSTEM?

Abstract

The cultivar choice can promote significant impacts on yield and grain quality of common bean within a production system. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of common bean cultivars from the Carioca commercial group on grain yield and quality in a production system, as well as to verify the correlation between the variables. The experiment was carried out in Southeastern Brazil in the winter/spring season. A randomized block design with four replications was used. The treatments consisted of 13 common bean cultivars (Pérola, BRSMG Majestoso, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Tangará, IPR Andorinha, IPR 139, IAC Imperador, IAC Formoso, IAC Alvorada, IAC Milênio and TAA Bola Cheia). The cultivar factor promoted differences of up to 34% in yield, 20% in sieve yield greater than or equal to 12 (SY≥12), 16% in grain protein content and 47% in cooking time. Among the cultivars, BRSMG Majestoso had the highest grain yield (3805 kg ha^-1). All cultivars provided SY≥12 above 70%, highlighting IPR Andorinha (93%). The cultivar BRSMG Madrepérola stood out for its grains with clear tegument. Grain yield increases as the number of pods per plant and grains per pod increase, negatively correlated with crude protein content and cooking time. These results demonstrate the importance of choosing the correct cultivar in a production system, helping to increase yield and profit for farmers.