Peanut ecophysiology

Abstract

The peanut is the fourth most grown oilseed in the world.  Grown in tropical regions in the wide range of latitude between 30 ° N and S in temperate countries like the United States. The climate needs depends on the stage of development of culture. Plants have indeterminate growth habit, occurring at the same time vegetative and reproductive development. At the beginning of the flowering, the demand for nutritional and environmental conditions is high, because many events are occurring in the plant, such as production of leaves, flowers, roots, pegs, pegs penetration in the soil and the pods development. The climatic and nutritional needs must be met during the cycle. However, from the beginning of the flowering, the peanut crop has a high nutrient demand, and to achieve high yields it is necessary that the environmental conditions, nutrient supply and management are adequate. The plant is not influenced by photoperiod and the light is not limiting factor. The time of sowing is one of the main factors responsible for getting the climate demands of the plants.