Hygienic and sanitary quality of honey produced by Apis mellifera and Tetragonisca angustula and the need for regulatory standard

Resumen

This work aimed to evaluate and compare the microbiological quality of honey samples of the species Apis mellifera and Tetragonisca angustula collected by different methods, in urban and rural areas of Ariquemes and Alto Paraíso city, in Rondônia State. Brazil. Were performed analysis for count coliforms at 35 ºC and 45 ºC, molds and yeasts and the presence of Salmonella sp. The collect of honey from A. mellifera bee was by centrifugation (rural area) and press with hands (urban area). The honey of T. angustula bees was collected with disposable syringe (rural area) and suction pump (urban area). Two samples presented total coliforms (3.0x10² and 2.1x10³ NMP g^-1) and one of them thermotolerant coliforms (3.0x10² NMP g^-1). No presence of Salmonella was detected in this study, while the count for molds and yeasts was < 3.0 UFC g^-1 for all samples. The results showed differences among the sites and collect methods. The discussion of the results was by comparison with tolerable limits for other types of foods, with composition and/or physico-chemical characteristics similar to honey. This is because, the current Brazilian legislation not establish microbiological standards for honey, although there is a regulation that deals with sensorial and physico-chemical requirements, but only of the honey produced by A. mellifera, excluding the more than 400 species of stingless bees in the country, including T. angustula.